Non-residents buy freely in most residential stock. Golden-visa-by-property was shut in 2025 — do not underwrite residency on a purchase. NIE number and a Spanish bank account are still the practical path to completion.
Catalonia and Madrid do not share the same rental rules or tourist-licence climate. Barcelona short-stay licences are scarce; Madrid is a different book. Service charges (comunidad) and plusvalía sit outside the headline price.
Canonical URL is sivrce.com/es. Verified listings land when partners pass the same bar as Georgia.